Abstract This article presents semantic-based composition of processes of Semantic Web Services using predetermined semantic descriptions of the services. Currently most proposed techniques are syntactically, rather than semantically, oriented. Our proposed method involves a Research Paper On Semantic Web Services our high quality of university, college, and high school papers. Although our writing service is one of the cheapest you can find, Research Paper On Semantic Web Services we have been in the business long enough to learn how to maintain a balance between quality, wages, and profit. Whenever you need help with your assignment, we will be happy to assist you/10() Research Paper On Semantic Web Services our world-class forum to benefit from the vast experience of several top-tier essay tutors. Verified and well-qualified essay tutors for your subjects. Get Started. Writing a Discussion Chapter in a Lab Report: 5 Tips
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Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Need an research paper on semantic web services Click here to sign up. Download Free PDF. Towards semantic web documents retrieval through ontology mapping: preliminary results 1st Asian Semantic Web Conference ASWC Workshop on Web Search Technology—from Search to Semantic Search, George Vouros.
Download PDF Download Full PDF Package This paper. A short summary of this paper. Towards semantic web documents retrieval through ontology mapping: preliminary results. Towards Semantic Web Documents Retrieval through Ontology Mapping: Preliminary Results Konstantinos Kotis1, George A. Vouros1 1 University of the Aegean, Dept. The development of the Semantic Web has led to the proposal of several solutions concerning the retrieval of Semantic Web Documents SWDs.
However, current solutions presuppose that the query is given in a structured way - using a formal language - and provide no advanced means for the semantic alignment of the query to the contents of the Semantic Web Documents.
In this paper, we report on preliminary experiments towards an approach to SWDs retrieval that aims to support users to form semantic queries — requiring no knowledge and skills for expressing queries in a formal language - and to retrieve SWDs whose content is similar to the queries formed. Nowadays, Web information can be encoded in ways that its meaning is represented quite adequately for machines to process and humans to exploit e. using the OWL1 family of languages.
Ontologies play a key role towards realizing this vision, providing the means to expressing the meaning of concepts whose surface appearances and instances comprise the Web information.
Specifically, this paper deals with the retrieval of documents whose content has been represented by means of ontologies. Subsequently, we refer to these documents as semantic web documents SWDs. Current solutions to the retrieval of SWDs presuppose that the query is given in a structured way — i. using a formal language - and provide research paper on semantic web services advanced means for the semantic mapping of the query to the contents of the Semantic Web Document. Concerning the formation of queries, existing research efforts research paper on semantic web services the re- trieval of SWDs deal with semantic queries that are built using formal languages e.
FOL[1]specific schema languages e. RQL [2], OWL-QL [3]or simple classifi- cation graphs e. see VIKEF project [4]. On the other hand, simple keyword-based retrieval services cannot be further improved to obtain higher precision in the retrieval of Web documents, and worst, they cannot be used to efficiently retrieve SWDs, unless ontology-focused crawlers [5] are employed, research paper on semantic web services.
For the retrieval of semantically annotated information that is distributed in multi- ple information sources normally requiring the computation of a mapping between the supporting ontologies some approaches propose the use of either reference in- termediate generic ontologies, or P2P peer to peer ontology mappings [4] [6].
In this paper, we report on preliminary experiments towards an approach to SWDs retrieval that aims to research paper on semantic web services users to form semantic queries — requiring no knowledge and skills for expressing queries in a formal language - and to retrieve SWDs whose content is similar to the queries formed using a state-of-the-art mapping mechanism.
Specifically, we consider that query terms have a particular meaning for humans and the meaning of the query string as a whole is constrained by the combination of the meaning of these terms. Intelligent search engines such as AskJeeves2 Teoma technology try to tackle this issue by analyzing the terms and their relations in a sophisticated way using natural language processing techniques or by refining the query in collaboration with the users.
However, the pre- cision of the SWDs retrieval mechanism is not as high as if queries would be specified in a formal manner so as their similarity to be matched against the content of SWDs. The transformation of a query is achieved by mapping each query term to a sense in a semantic lexicon and consulting the semantic relations between senses. The use of formal queries to retrieve SWDs points to the need of measuring the similarity be- tween the content of the query and that of SWDs. This is done by producing a seman- tic mapping.
Any of the returned queries can then be selected by the user and submitted to the search engine. Although ESSEX supports the structuring of natural language queries, this is done by exploiting the XML contents of documents, which is not always possi- ble to an open, highly distributed and dynamic setting such as the World Wide Web, research paper on semantic web services. Another worthy mentioned effort related to the one proposed in this article, is the work integrated in the Corese ontology-based search engine4, research paper on semantic web services.
Although the prelimi- research paper on semantic web services results of querying the Web are remarkable, users must form queries using RDF which are then mapped to conceptual graphsresearch paper on semantic web services, and no sophisticated ontology mapping techniques are used during retrieval.
Although the emphasis is on retrieving docu- ments that are similar to the ones in the denotation of the query, the service does not support the use of different conceptualizations of the same domain.
The paper is structured as follows: Section 2 presents the overall approach and the key technologies used. Section 3 presents thoroughly the approach emphasizing on the construction of the query ontology. Section 4 presents a simple example and section 5 shows some preliminary results of applying the method. Finally, concluding remarks are provided. The semantic relations between senses are being used for the construction of the query ontology, research paper on semantic web services.
Although we aim to do this automatically, computed mappings of query terms to WordNet senses are further validated by the user. The query ontology is then used to retrieve SWDs by mapping them to the query ontology constructed.
For the computation of this similarity the s-morphism takes into account the vicinity VT of each ontology term T. WordNet [8] contains lexical and semantic information about nouns, verbs, ad- verbs, and adjectives, organized around the notion of a synset.
A synset is a set of words with the same part-of-speech POS that can be interchanged in a certain con- text. A synset is often further described by a gloss. Semantic relations among synsets include among others the synonymy, hyper hyp onymy, meronymy and antonymy relations. WordNet contains thousands of words, synsets and links between concepts. As already pointed in the introduction, any semantic lexicon can be used for build- ing the query ontology: For instance, prominent and well-agreed ontologies or thesauri that are known to the users of a retrieval service may be exploited for this purpose.
However, this is only a conjecture that remains to be tested, research paper on semantic web services. The s-morphism is computed by the Latent Semantic Indexing LSI method. La- tent Semantic Indexing LSI [9] is a vector space technique originally proposed for information retrieval and indexing.
It assumes that there is an underlying latent seman- tic space that it estimates by means of statistical techniques using an association ma- trix n×m of term-document data terms-WordNet senses in our case. A variety of methods and tools have been research paper on semantic web services, and although there is still much to be done, remarkable achievements have been made.
For the effective retrieval of SWDs the method proposed in this paper computes the similarity of SWDs and the already constructed query ontology. This similarity is being computed using AUTOMS5 that extends the HCONE-merge method [7] by combining lexical, semantic, and structural matching methods.
The ranking of re- trieved SWDs is done based on how well they match to the query ontology: This is determined by the number of mappings between the query ontology and a SWD. Lexical matching computes the matching of ontology concept names labels at nodesestimating the similarity among concepts using syntactic similarity measures. Structural matching computes the matching of ontology concepts by taking into ac- count the similarity of concepts in their neighborhoods.
The neighborhood of a con- cept includes those concepts that are related to it, research paper on semantic web services. Finally, semantic matching concerns the matching between the meanings of concept specifications.
The computation of semantic matching may rely to external information found in lexicons, thesauri or reference ontologies, incorporating semantic knowledge mostly domain-dependent into the process. AUTOMS, although in the experimental stage, achieves high precision and recall in mapping ontologies. Further information about is given in forthcoming publications6. Each term in the query Q is being mapped to a WordNet sense through the compu- tation of the s-morphism.
Given the vicinity of the term i. the other terms in the query this sense is considered to express the meaning of the term, i. it reflects the intended meaning for the particular term in the context of the query. Given the com- puted mapping, the vicinity of each query term t is being enriched by the set of the most important terms TS in the corresponding WordNet sense S.
The set of the most important terms in a sense are those that occur more than a number of times occur- rence threshold within the corresponding sense and, at the same time, they are syno- nyms of t. Experiments have shown that occurrence threshold values 2 and 3 are ap- propriate for senses with large definitions and glosses.
The occurrence-threshold heuristic can be replaced by more efficient algorithms that come from the information retrieval and linguistics research fields. The objective is the enrichment of the vicinity of each term in the query with further terms that con- straint their meaning. The reformulated query Qr is the union of the sets of terms TS given S for every term in Q, and the terms in Q. Having Qr in hand, it is possible to retrieve unstructured documents using keyword-based search engines, with higher precision than existing methods.
The length of the re-formulated query is rather important for the precision of the retrieval. These concepts capture the very basic semantic distinctions for the classification of the query terms. Their importance becomes evident in the algorithm presented in the following paragraph. Further semantic distinctions can be added in the future to extend the model.
for entries whose senses belong in the same synset. The steps of the algorithm for the enrichment and the re-formulation of a query for the construction of a query ontology, are as follows: 1. Let S be the sense to which t is mapped. verb or noun as- signed to t 1. Update the query ontology with the terms in Qr as follows: For each term in Qr check its POS. The similarity between the query ontology Oq and the content of SWDs can be computed by mapping the signature of the query ontology SOq to the signature of the SWDs SSWD, so that the AOq axioms are being preserved during this mapping.
Other approaches for SWD retrieval- for instance the one described in [4] - which compute a similarity between a schema-based query and the contents of the SWD, are based on matching algorithms borrowed from work on ontology alignment. Although any ontology mapping technique can be used in such an approach, the computational cost must be seriously taken in consideration.
As it is pointed in [4], the mappings between SWDs should have been pre-computed for efficiency purposes. We do claim however that an effective ontology mapping tool for computing the similarity between the query ontology build by the proposed research paper on semantic web services and SWDs ontologies taken from a SW repository must be used.
The most important words in the corresponding WordNet senses are be- ing used for the construction of the reformulated query Qr.
2005-04-05: From Web Services to The Semantic Web: Global Data Reuse
, time: 1:21:01Semantic Web Services - Semantic Web and Linked Data - Research Guides at UCLA Library
If you are looking for cheap essay service in the US, nothing can be better opting for Research Paper On Semantic Web Services blogger.com as they know the type of essays required for a college level. Fantastic work, guys! As we know sharing and streaming of data has been a major concern these days and internet is required to share the data between parties. Streaming and sharing larger data over the internet could be a costly process. Instead, through our application we can minimize this issue to some extent by transferring the data/files between two parties which are connected locally (through The Semantic Web is an initiative. of the World-Wide Web Consortium (W3C) [75], th e international organisation which sets standards. for the technologies which underlie the World-Wide Web. The
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